high blood pressure

Everyone with this diagnosis needs to know how blood pressure changes with hypertension. More and more people are suffering from this disease. The disease is affecting younger people, so everyone needs to understand the principles of life with hypertension: both the patient and his family. What kind of stress is life-threatening? How does it behave during an attack? Do genetics and lifestyle influence the development of the disease? Answering these questions will help avoid many unnecessary questions.

High blood pressure indicators

The main cause of hypertension is the narrowing of the lumen of the blood vessel wall due to spasm. This process occurs for various reasons: genetics, bad habits, stress, sedentary lifestyle. The main way to diagnose high blood pressure is to measure blood pressure. Growing up, everyone is familiar with the number "120 to 80". They have their own names and meanings. The first number is an indicator of how the heart muscle is working, called systolic blood pressure (SBP). The second metric evaluates blood pressure between heartbeats, called diastolic blood pressure.

Symptoms of elevated blood pressure include palpitations, nausea, throbbing pain in the back of the head, dizziness, increased sweating, pain in the heart area, and insomnia.

Doctors derived a direct relationship between blood pressure indicators and the severity of the patient's condition:

• Less than 120/80 is the optimal number;
• 120–129/80–84 - Normal pressure. Diagnosis: Prehypertension;
• 130–139/85–89—Normal hypertension. Used for high blood pressure;
• Greater than or equal to 140/less than 90 – ISAH is diagnosed;
• 140–159/90–99—Grade 1 hypertension;

• 160–179/100–109 – Level 2;
• Level 3 - Over 180/110.

The initial stages of the disease are often asymptomatic. The first symptoms of the disease appear so easily that people simply do not notice them, gradually getting used to them. High blood pressure continues to worsen, changing blood vessels and increasing the likelihood of heart attack, stroke, or kidney problems. If hypertension is a common diagnosis in the family, then regular monitoring of blood pressure parameters is necessary to prevent the onset of the disease.

How to diagnose?

research stage	What are you checking?	notes
pressure measurement	Measure the indicator every 15-30 minutes for several days.	-
Past history	Complaints and symptoms are analyzed in detail.	-
Physical examination	Take temperature and blood pressure, palpate thyroid gland, examine skin. Assess the condition of the arteries close to the surface.	Symptoms of long-term disease: enlargement of the heart, characteristic noises when listening with an audioscope, blurred vision, spots, swelling of the legs.
Instrumental methods	Blood and urine for general analysis	-
	blood biochemistry	Control sugar, uric acid, K, Na, cholesterol.
	electrocardiogram	Angina was detected.
	Fundus examination	Symptoms: Arterial stenosis, microbleeds, venous dilation.
	cardiac ultrasound	reserve.
	Chest X-ray	The borders of the myocardium are revealed

What stress is already dangerous?

The dangerous blood pressure index for humans is 140/90 or above. Depending on the number and degree of change on the tonometer, the patient's condition is stabilized in a variety of ways. The first stage, when functional changes occur, is characterized by insomnia, fatigue, and headaches. These attacks are short-lived and erratic. When you take a sedative combined with rest, your blood pressure will drop. Organic changes occur in the second phase. To stop attacks, antihypertensive medications are needed. Crisis can happen. Kidney function is impaired and vision decreases. These attacks are persistent and persistent. By the third stage, the indicators are no longer normal. Organic changes in the internal organs and blood vessels can lead to stroke, blindness, heart disease, and heart failure.

What should I do if I have high blood pressure?

How to stabilize blood pressure during an attack:

1. Call an ambulance.
2. Place the tablet under your tongue to speed up absorption of the medicine.
3. Breathe evenly and try not to tense up.
4. To dilate peripheral blood vessels, apply mustard paste on your legs.

As a result, the load on the main vessel is reduced and a feeling of relaxation occurs. The episode should gradually pass within 2-4 hours, since a sharp rise in "hypertension-hypotension" can have negative consequences, especially if the patient is elderly. Elevated blood pressure can cause panic attacks. Hypertensive patients often develop high blood pressure. Pills can help relieve attacks - you need to stop tensing and follow your doctor's instructions. It is recommended to keep a piece of paper with the sequence of actions during the attack in a visible place so that everything can be performed correctly. This can help you cope with panic yourself and lower your blood pressure.

To prevent a crisis, you need to follow your doctor's advice.

prevention

general advice

low carb diet Engage in regular physical activity Say no to bad habits All medications taken in coordination with your treating physician